基于传递闭包的任务时序依赖关系建模方法

建立正确、有效的任务模型是正确引导出信息系统需求的关键步骤。文中针对任务间时序依赖关系,给出与任务建模相关的若干形式定义和命题,帮助分析人员判断任务间的并发和死锁。给出任务间时序依赖关系建模的详细步骤,并根据时序依赖关系的传递性质,给出一种任务关系图上的传递闭包方法,可以帮助分析人员直观地判断任务间时序依赖关系的问题和错误,科学、合理地标记各个任务的时序等级属性,帮助建模人员从全局上明确各个任务在执行时所处的相对位置,以及在每个阶段需要同时展开哪些任务。     

位移不连续法在裂纹扩展仿真中的应用

探讨了在应用位移不连续法仿真裂纹扩展时对加载方式、裂纹扩展长度及应力强度因子计算等问题的处理方法,并据此编制了仿真程序,分析了裂纹在单向压载作用下的扩展趋势和应力变化,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

Effect of welding processes and consumables on fatigue crack growth behaviour of armour grade quenched and tempered steel joints

Quenched and Tempered (Q&T) steels are widely used in the construction of military vehicles due to its high strength to weight ratio and high hardness. These steels are prone to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) in the heat affected zone (HAZ) after welding. The use of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) consumables to weld the above steel was the only available remedy because of higher solubility for hydrogen in austenitic phase. The use of stainless steel consumables for a non-stainless steel base metal is not economical. Hence, alternate consumables for welding Q&T steels and their vulnerability to HIC need to be explored. Recent studies proved that low hydrogen ferritic steel (LHF) consumables can be used to weld Q&T steels, which can give very low hydrogen levels in the weld deposits. The use of ASS and LHF consumables will lead to distinct microstructures in their respective welds. This microstructural heterogeneity will have a drastic influence in the fatigue crack growth resistance of armour grade Q&T steel welds. Hence, in this investigation an attempt has been made to study the influence of welding consumables and welding processes on fatigue crack growth behaviour of armour grade Q&T Steel joints. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) were used for fabrication of joints using ASS and LHF consumables. The joints fabricated by SMAW process using LHF consumable exhibited superior fatigue crack growth resistance than all other joints.     

航空发动机燃滑油附件后盖裂纹原因分析与预防对策

针对某型航空发动机燃-滑油附件后盖同部位成批次出现裂纹的问题,提出了裂纹故障引导转移的避障策略。通过研究裂纹产生的主要原因,分析后盖不同部位所产生的裂纹可能对航空发动机造成的危害程度,调整改变原支撑结构,在后盖非关键部位形成新的应力集中点,降低关键部位应力集中区的应力幅值,迫使故障从不可修复的关键部位转移到可修复的非关键部位。经计算机仿真,确定了裂纹引导缺口的最佳参数;同时,仿真结果表明,裂纹故障引导转移策略合理可行。     

铝合金焊缝表面裂纹高温断裂韧性测试

介绍一种表面裂纹高温断裂韧性Ｋ１ｅ的测试方法，该技术对试样自动加温控温，自动绘制力ｐ与裂纹咀张开位移Ｖ（ｐ—Ｖ）曲线。测试精度高。     

超声波检测混凝土屋面渗漏裂缝的实验研究

屋面渗漏维修一直困扰着房屋管理人员和维修人员。如何有效地确定渗漏区域和渗漏源,是快速修复屋面渗漏的关键所在。主要分析探讨了超声波在混凝土屋面渗漏裂缝检测方面的应用可行性,通过研究超声波的检测原理和探测方法,并结合工程实例,具体分析了超声波检测法在屋面渗漏裂缝检查中的优势与不足,为确定有效的屋面渗漏检测方法提供了一定的参考。     

The Regional Economic Effects of Military Base Realignments and Closures

This paper empirically investigates the impact of military base realignments and closures on regional economic activity in light of the 2005 round of Base Realignment and Closure actions. Baseline regressions with county-level data show employment multipliers comparable to those generated from conventional input–output models. However, controlling for possible endogeneity and other regional-specific factors, regressions indicate more tenuous results for spillover effects from the military to the private sector. Only the contractor type of base employment generated economically and statistically meaningful impacts on local employment. In addition, there is strong evidence of asymmetric effects between military buildups and drawdowns.     

双材料界面裂纹的加料有限元方法

为解决求解双材料界面裂纹应力强度因子等断裂参量的困难,在常规单元位移模式中引入界面裂纹尖端位移场,构建加料界面裂纹单元和过渡单元的位移模式,推出了加料有限元方程。采用不同的加料单元和过渡单元配置方案,建立了方形板中心界面裂纹和矩形板单边斜界面裂纹的加料有限元模型,求解有限元方程直接得到应力强度因子,与解析解的结果对比,表明该方法具有较高的精度,可方便地推广应用于界面裂纹的计算分析中。     

残余应力作用下脆性膜/基材料的断裂行为

假定膜内的残余拉应力足以使膜发生开裂,利用膜/基材料中含弹性界面层的剪滞模型,研究了脆性膜/基材料在残余应力作用下的开裂行为特征,探讨了膜内正应力、膜/基界面切应力的分布规律,获得了膜的裂纹密度与残余应力大小之间的解析表达式。在裂纹密度、材料的力学和几何参数确定的情况下,该解析表达式可以用来评估残余应力的大小。最后,分析了膜的裂纹密度与残余应力、膜的厚度、弹性模量、断裂强度以及界面层的切变模量之间的内在关联,绘出了这些参数影响膜裂纹密度的变化曲线。     

复杂条件下膨胀土边坡渗流和稳定性分析

膨胀土的工程性质受周围环境及气候的影响比较大,很多膨胀土边坡的失稳破坏是在降雨时或者降雨后发生的。对膨胀土边坡失稳而言,胀缩性和裂隙性是内在因素, 降雨入渗是外部诱发条件。用SEEP／W和SLOPE／W软件对膨胀土渠坡工作期间水位快速升降、降雨入渗以及自然蒸发等可能工况进行了系统分析,并考虑了裂隙的影响。分析结果表明,由于非饱和土的渗透系数很小,渠坡内部各种物理场要经过较长的时间才能达到稳定;水位快速升降对临水面含水量和压力水头的影响较快,需要经过一定时间才能影响渠坡内部的含水量和压力水头变化;膨胀土张裂缝对降雨入渗有显著的影响,含水量和总水头影响范围达到张裂缝底部;水位快速下降会导致边坡安全系数降低。研究结果对边坡稳定性分析很有意义。